ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS IN FREQUENTLY ILL CHILDREN

Аннотация

Children often suffering from acute respiratory infections are one of the most urgent medical and social problems in modern pediatrics.Official statistics and multicenter socio-hygienic studies show that acute respiratory infections (ARIs) account for more than 90% in the structure of infectious morbidity. At the same time, frequently ill children account for up to 70–85% of all cases of respiratory diseases in pediatric patients on average [1–8].

Acute respiratory infections are more common among children attending organized preschool groups. More than a third of all cases of ARI in preschool institutions are among children attending nursery and younger groups. Among schoolchildren, primary school students are most susceptible to respiratory infections - up to 50% of all cases of ARI in the team. Children aged 10 years and older suffer from ARI 2–2.5 times less frequently than young children [5]. Frequently ill children (FICH) are a group of children identified during dispensary observation, characterized by a higher incidence of acute respiratory infections than their peers.

The term FICH is not a nosological form of the disease and a diagnosis in the medical sense, therefore, it is not included in the ICD-10 rubric. More than 20 years ago, the domestic pediatric service considered it expedient to single out children prone to increased incidence of ARI into a special category and designate it as a group of frequently ill children in order to rationally organize rehabilitation measures [9]. It was noted that frequent respiratory infections (RI) contribute to a decrease in immunoresistance, disruption of compensatory-adaptive mechanisms, disorders of the functional state of the body (especially the respiratory organs, gastrointestinal tract, autonomic nervous system) and early development of chronic pathology. V.Yu. Albitsky and A.A. Baranov developed age criteria for including children in the FICH group (Table 1) [10].