ETYMOLOGY AND IT’S SUBJECT MATTER

Xazratova Zulfina Sayitmuratovna; Xoldorova Hulkaroy Muzaffar kizi

ETYMOLOGY AND IT’S SUBJECT MATTER

Authors

Xazratova Zulfina Sayitmuratovna 2nd year student at Djizzakh branch of The National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulug’bek
Xoldorova Hulkaroy Muzaffar kizi Supervisor Teacher in the department Foreign Languages at Djizzakh branch of The National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulug’bek

Keywords:

Etymology, word origins, language evolution, cross-linguistic connections, cultural context, borrowing and influences,semantic shifts,sound changes, language families, indo-european, semitic borrowing,phonological changes, grimm's law, loanwords, semantic borrowing, cultural history, norman conquest, practical applications, lexicographers, endangered languages, linguistic gems,latin origins

Abstract

Etymology is the scientific study of the origin and evolution of a word's semantic meaning across time, including its constituent morphemes and phonemes. It is a subfield of historical linguistics, philology, and semiotics, and draws upon comparative semantics, morphology, pragmatics, and phonetics in order to construct a comprehensive and chronological catalogue of all meanings that a morpheme, phoneme, word, or sign has carried across time.For languages with a long written history, etymologists make use of texts, and texts about the language, to gather knowledge about how words were used during earlier periods, how they developed in meaning and form, or when and how they entered the language. Etymologists also apply the methods of comparative linguistics to reconstruct information about forms that are too old for any direct information to be available. By analyzing related languages with a technique known as the comparative method, linguists can make inferences about their shared parent language and its vocabulary. In this way, word roots in many European languages, for example, can be traced all the way back to the origin of the Indo-European language family.Even though etymological research originated from the philological tradition, much current etymological research is done on language families where little or no early documentation is available, such as Uralic and Austronesian.

References

"The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language" by Rodney Huddleston and Geoffrey K. Pullum.

"Oxford English Grammar: The Essential Guide" by Oxford Dictionaries.

"The Routledge Handbook of English Language Studies" edited by Philip Seargeant and Ann Hewings.

"Language in Society: An Introduction to Sociolinguistics" by Suzanne Romaine.

Academic journals in linguistics and language studies such as "Language", "Journal of English Linguistics", and "English Language and Linguistics".

ETYMOLOGY AND IT’S SUBJECT MATTER